Greenhouse Effect and the Thinning of Ozone Layer

When sunlight enters the Earth's atmosphere, someindustrialization. Since the beginning of the Industrial
of its solar radiation is reflected back to space whileRevolution, atmospheric concentrations of carbon
most of the radiation is absorbed by the Earth, whichdioxide have increased by nearly 30%, the
warms the surface of the land and sea. As the Earthconcentration of methane have more than doubled
is warmed, heat in the form of infrared radiation isand the concentrations of nitrous oxide have risen
radiated back into the space. However, much of theabout 15%.
heat does not escape from the atmosphere butScientists believe that the combustion of fossil fuels
remains trapped by the greenhouse gases,causingand the other human activities such as increased
the atmosphere to be warmed.deforestation and industrial production are the
At the same time, the greenhouse gases also radiateprimary reasons for the increased concentrations of
infrared rays towards the surface of the Earth. Inatmospheric carbon dioxide.As the concentration of
this respect, greenhouse gases in the atmospheregreenhouse gases rises, the greenhouse effect
behave a lot like the glass panel panes of abecomes more pronounced., trapping more heat in
greenhouse. This is why this phenomenon is knownthe atmosphere and raising the Earth's average
as the greenhouse effect.The greenhouse effect istemperature.
important because without it, the Earth would be tooSuch an overall rise int he temperature of the Earth's
cold for living organisms to survive.atmosphere is called global warming. The increase in
Carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), methane,atmospheric temperature is high enough to cause
nitrous oxide, low level ozone and water vapor makechanges in the global climate.Over the last 40 years,
up the greenhouse gases. With the exception ofthe Earth's average temperature has increased by
CFCs, most of the greenhouse gases occur naturally.about 0.2 - 0.3 Celsius. In the absence of emission
However, all of them are also produced as a result ofcontrol policies, carbon dioxide concentrations are
human activities.projected to be 30-150% higher than today's levels
Today, data collected around the world show aand the Earth's average temperature may rise
steady increase in the concentration of greenhousebetween 1.5 Celsius and 4.5 Celsius by 2100.
gases in tandem with rapid development and