Solar Power and Feed in Tariffs

A feed-in tariff is a premium rate paid for electricityelements, which will determine the success or failure
fed back into the electricity grid from a designatedof a feed-in mechanism.
renewable electricity generation source like a rooftopAn effective scheme would involve a feed-in tariff of
solar power system or wind turbine. At present,at least 4 times the market rate, paid on the entire
feed-in tariff regulations for renewable energy existoutput of a solar power system (via gross
in over 40 countries around the world.production metering), and offered for at least 15
Germany sets the feed in tariff exampleyears. Only a gross feed-in tariff set at or above
Possibly the most successful feed-in tariff laws wouldthese levels would adequately reward the adoption
be those introduced in Germany over the past 15of solar PV for the range of environmental, social and
years. In 1991 the German government introducedeconomic benefits arising from this technology, and
the Electricity Feed Act, legally regulating the feed-inencourage the uptake at sufficient levels to achieve
to the grid of electricity generated from renewablethe policy goals.
resources such as solar power. This Act requiredWhen Germany introduced gross feed-in tariffs in
utility companies to purchase electricity generated2000 it doubled the amount of electricity generated
from renewable resources such as domestic solarfrom renewable energy sources and adjusted its
power systems at set rates (feed-in tariffs).2010 target of 12.5% of total energy consumption. It
The scheme was expanded and enhanced in 2000,is now three years ahead of schedule.
and has been responsible for the dramatic growth inAs a consequence of this success, Germany recently
Germany's renewable energy market, particularly theincreased its renewable energy target to 27% of all
solar photovoltaic industry. In the five years fromelectricity generation by 2020. Also the gross feed-in
2000, the quantity of electricity fed into the gridtariff has created nearly 250,000 new jobs in the
from eligible sources has more than doubled, with arenewable energy industry, which will soon surpass
seven-fold increase in installed solar photovoltaic (PV)the car industry as that nation's number one
capacity to over 1,500 MW by the end of 2005.employer.
Why do we need feed-in tariffs?The German solar power sector is now creating
Residential solar power is somewhat disadvantagedthree times the number of jobs per installed
due to the high entry costs. The market fails to takemegawatt as the coal fired electricity industry - all of
into account the true value and many benefits to thethis in a country receiving much less sunshine than
electricity network which arise from the adoption ofother parts of the world not participating in similar
renewable energy technologies embedded within theprograms, or just engaging in minimal participation.
electricity grid.International experience tells us that gross feed-in
Solar PV, like other renewable energy sources,tariffs can be very successful in stimulating the
provide environmental benefits through reduceduptake of renewable energy, addressing climate
greenhouse gas emissions and social benefits throughchange and creating strong local industries and
industry development and job creation - for exampleemployment.
through the installation of grid connect solar systems,Tariff availability
each with related economic benefit.As mentioned, some 40 countries throughout the
A feed-in tariff redresses these systemic marketworld now have some sort of feed in tariff incentive
failures and rewards solar electric generation for itsin place. In order to determine if feed in tariffs are
true value to the electricity market and wideravailable to you, contact your local energy authority
society, by providing a financial incentive for thefor further details.
adoption of renewable energy.How you can help
Design of a feed-in tariff schemeIf feed in tariffs aren't available in your area and you
For a feed-in tariff to be effective, it is essential thatcare about fighting climate change, cutting
the tariff offered is designed in a way as togreenhouse gas emissions and encouraging our
adequately reward solar PV proponents. There aredomestic renewable energy industry; then please
three key elements of a feed-in mechanism whichwrite to your local elected representative requesting
need to be considered: The price level of the tariff;they consider gross feed-in tariffs as the most
the means of metering; and the duration of theeffective way to increase solar power use.
scheme. It is the proper combination of these three